These are the latest and best articles relating to Local SEO Ranking Factors.
My Moz:
https://moz.com/local-search-ranking-factors
Summary from Moz:
https://moz.com/blog/local-search-ranking-factors-survey-results-2017
From Local SEO Guide:
http://www.localseoguide.com/guides/local-seo-ranking-factors/
Awesome article predicting the future of Local SEO and SEO in general:
https://tidings.com/vault/local-ranking-2020.html
http://streetfightmag.com/2017/02/21/how-does-google-determine-the-authority-of-local-entities/
An article from Nifty with an update of their Local Landing Page Study:
https://niftymarketing.com/optimal-local-landing-page-infographic/
Sterlink Sky made this cool Local SEO Quiz:
https://www.sterlingsky.ca/quiz-the-local-seo-black-belt-quiz/
Bonus: Test your Moz local score and see what areas you can improve for your local listing(s):
https://moz.com/local/search